Food Extrudability Assessment and Prediction
This is a set of accompanied codes for food extrudability assessment and prediction from a study from the Food Process Engineering Group at Wageningen University. For more information, please refer to https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S146685642100165X.
Extrudability Assessment
Example pictures of line extursion can be found in the Sample Image folder. You can run the Preprocessing.R script to correct rotations and calculate pixel distance. See annotations in script for preprocessing your own images. Once the image is preprocessed. You can run the Get_measurement.R function. You can also loop the function for batch processing of images taken from one run.
Extrudability Prediction
You can run the script Extrudability_prediction to reproduce results from our paper. A few data cleaning and feature generation steps were put before the actual modelling step. The extrudability measurements are saved as Extrudability_total.csv.
| Columns | Discription |
|---|---|
| Type | Product type |
| Temp | Printing temperature |
| Nozzle | Nozzle size |
| Pressure | Printing pressure |
| Speed | Nozzle speed |
| n | Flow index |
| K | Consistency coefficient |
| m | Flow rate coefficient |
| b | Flow rate exponent |
| mean_wd | Averaged mode width |
| mean_con | Averaged width consistency |
| mean_ln | Averaged line width |
| Pic | Image file index |
Citation
Ma, Y., Schutyser, M. A., Boom, R. M., & Zhang, L. (2021). Predicting the extrudability of complex food materials during 3D printing based on image analysis and gray-box data-driven modelling. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 102764.